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A frame from a video of a mesh growing.

Differential growth in corals

Date 2020-10-01
Authors Tzu-Ying Chen, Daniel Locatelli, Ryan Daley, Håkon Toth
Place ITECH - University of Stuttgart
Differential growth in action.

Nature is a designer of at least 3.8 billion years old. From microorganisms to big mammals it is fascinating how nature takes the most out of the material available. This study explored a wide range of static structures in nature, in general, the lessons are that material is scarce and shape is abundant. In other words, nature optimizes shapes to save material while at the same time strengthening the structure, factors extremely interesting to architecture.

We investigated everything about corals, from polyps the single unit of a coral to atolls, a ring-shaped island formation that emerges from many corals together.

Drawing Hexacoralla by Ernst Haeckel, depicts many coral species arranged in a super pleasant way.
Hexacoralla by Ernst Haeckel.

We narrowed this research to Stony Corals, specifically on how it grows by a process called budding where its polyps duplicate. This research advanced in many computational design strategies. The final outcome is a Python code that implements an agent-based system, a finite element analysis, and machine learning support.

Details of a mesh edges after the differential growth algorithm.
Details of a mesh edges after the differential growth algorithm.
Study with the settings leading to a more smooth growth.
Study with the settings leading to a more smooth growth.
Same study as before showing the mesh edges.
Same study as before showing the mesh edges.
Donut-shaped mesh study 01.
Donut-shaped mesh study 01.
Donut-shaped mesh study 02.
Donut-shaped mesh study 02.
Donut-shaped mesh study 03.
Donut-shaped mesh study 03.
Donut-shaped mesh study 04.
Donut-shaped mesh study 04.
3D-Printed study front view.
3D-Printed study front view.
3D-Printed study top view.
3D-Printed study top view.
A canopy generated using the complete morphogenetic design system.
Photo of the team: Håkon, Daniel, Ryan, Ying
Håkon, Daniel, Ryan and Ying